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A monotone projection algorithm for fixed points of nonlinear operators

Abstract

In this paper, a monotone projection algorithm is investigated for equilibrium and fixed point problems. Strong convergence theorems for common solutions of the two problems are established in the framework of reflexive Banach spaces.

MSC:47H09, 47J25, 90C33.

1 Introduction and preliminaries

Let E be a real Banach space with the dual E . Recall that the normalized duality mapping J from E to 2 E is defined by

Jx= { f E : x , f = x 2 = f 2 } ,

where , denotes the generalized duality pairing. Let B E ={xE:x=1} be the unit ball of E. Recall that E is said to be smooth iff lim t 0 x + t y x t exists for each x,y B E . It is also said to be uniformly smooth iff the above limit is attained uniformly for x,y B E . E is said to be strictly convex iff x + y 2 <1 for all x,yE with x=y=1 and xy. It is said to be uniformly convex iff lim n x n y n =0 for any two sequences { x n } and { y n } in E such that x n = y n =1 and lim n x n + y n 2 =1. It is well known that E is uniformly smooth if and only if E is uniformly convex. In what follows, we use and → to stand for weak and strong convergence, respectively. Recall that E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property iff for any sequence { x n }E, and xE with x n x, and x n x, then x n x0 as n. It is well known that if E is a uniformly convex Banach space, then E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property. Let E be a smooth Banach space. Let us consider the functional defined by

ϕ(x,y)= x 2 2x,Jy+ y 2 ,x,yE.

Recently, Alber [1] introduced a generalized projection operator Π C in a Banach space E which is an analogue of the metric projection P C in Hilbert spaces. Recall that the generalized projection Π C :EC is a map that assigns to an arbitrary point xE the minimum point of the functional ϕ(x,y), that is, Π C x= x ¯ , where x ¯ is the solution to the minimization problem ϕ( x ¯ ,x)= min y C ϕ(y,x). Existence and uniqueness of the operator Π C follows from the properties of the functional ϕ(x,y) and strict monotonicity of the mapping J. If E is a reflexive, strictly convex and smooth Banach space, then ϕ(x,y)=0 if and only if x=y. In Hilbert spaces, Π C = P C . It is obvious from the definition of function ϕ that ( x y ) 2 ϕ(x,y) ( y + x ) 2 , x,yE.

Let be the set of real numbers. Let F be a bifunction from C×C to , where denotes the set of real numbers. Let φ:CR be a real-valued function and A:C E be a mapping. The so-called generalized mixed equilibrium problem is to find pC such that

F(p,y)+Ap,yp+φ(y)φ(p)0,yC.
(1.1)

We use GMEP(F,A,φ) to denote the solution set of the equilibrium problem. That is,

GMEP(F,A,φ):= { p C : F ( p , y ) + A p , y p + φ ( y ) φ ( z ) 0 , y C } .

Next, we give some special cases:

If A=0, then problem (1.1) is equivalent to finding pC such that

F(p,y)+φ(y)φ(z)0,yC,
(1.2)

which is called the mixed equilibrium problem.

If F=0, then problem (1.1) is equivalent to finding pC such that

Ap,yp+φ(y)φ(z)0,yC,
(1.3)

which is called the mixed variational inequality of Browder type.

If φ=0, then problem (1.1) is equivalent to finding pC such that

F(p,y)+Ap,yp0,yC,
(1.4)

which is called the generalized equilibrium problem.

If A=0 and φ=0, then problem (1.1) is equivalent to finding pC such that

F(p,y)0,yC,
(1.5)

which is called the equilibrium problem.

For solving the above problem, let us assume that the bifunction F:C×CR satisfies the following conditions:

  1. (A1)

    F(x,x)=0, xC;

  2. (A2)

    F is monotone, i.e., F(x,y)+F(y,x)0, x,yC;

  3. (A3)
    lim sup t 0 F ( t z + ( 1 t ) x , y ) F(x,y),x,y,zC;
  4. (A4)

    for each xC, yF(x,y) is convex and weakly lower semi-continuous.

Iterative algorithms have emerged as an effective and powerful tool for studying a wide class of problems which arise in economics, finance, image reconstruction, ecology, transportation, network, elasticity and optimization; see [227] and the references therein. The computation of solutions of nonlinear operator equations (inequalities) is important in the study of many real world problems. Recently, the study of the convergence of various iterative algorithms for solving various nonlinear mathematical models forms the major part of numerical mathematics.

Let C be a nonempty subset of E, and let T:CC be a mapping. In this paper, we use F(T) to stand for the fixed point set of T. Recall that T is said to be asymptotically regular on C iff for any bounded subset K of C, lim sup n { T n + 1 x T n x:xK}=0. Recall that T is said to be closed iff for any sequence { x n }C such that lim n x n = x 0 and lim n T x n = y 0 , then T x 0 = y 0 . Recall that a point p in C is said to be an asymptotic fixed point of T iff C contains a sequence { x n } which converges weakly to p such that lim n x n T x n =0. The set of asymptotic fixed points of T will be denoted by F ˜ (T). T is said to be relatively nonexpansive iff F ˜ (T)=F(T) and

ϕ(p,Tx)ϕ(p,x),xC,pF(T).

T is said to be relatively asymptotically nonexpansive iff F ˜ (T)=F(T) and

ϕ ( p , T n x ) (1+ μ n )ϕ(p,x),xC,pF(T),n1,

where { μ n }[0,) is a sequence such that μ n 0 as n.

Recall that T is said to be quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive iff F(T) and

ϕ(p,Tx)ϕ(p,x),xC,pF(T).

Recall that T is said to be asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive iff there exists a sequence { μ n }[0,) with μ n 0 as n such that

F(T),ϕ ( p , T n x ) (1+ μ n )ϕ(p,x),xC,pF(T),n1.

Remark 1.1 The class of relatively asymptotically nonexpansive mappings, which is an extension of the class of relatively nonexpansive mappings, was first introduced in [28].

Remark 1.2 The class of asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings, which is an extension of the class of quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings, was considered in [2931]. The class of quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings and the class of asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings are more general than the class of relatively nonexpansive mappings and the class of relatively asymptotically nonexpansive mappings. Quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings and asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings do not require the restriction F(T)= F ˜ (T).

Recall that T is said to be generalized asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive iff F(T), and there exist two nonnegative sequences { μ n }[0,) with μ n 0 and { ξ n }[0,) with ξ n 0 as n such that

ϕ ( p , T n x ) (1+ μ n )ϕ(p,x)+ ξ n ,xC,pF(T),n1.

Remark 1.3 The class of generalized asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings [32] is a generalization of the class of generalized asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mappings in the framework of Banach spaces which was studied by Agarwal et al. [33].

In this paper, we consider a projection algorithm for a common solution of a family of generalized asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings and generalized mixed equilibrium problems. A strong convergence theorem is established in a Banach space. In order to prove our main results, we need the following lemmas.

Lemma 1.4 [21]

Let E be a uniformly convex Banach space, and let r>0. Then there exists a strictly increasing, continuous and convex function g:[0,2r]R such that g(0)=0 and

i = 1 ( α i x i ) 2 i = 1 ( α i x i 2 ) α i α j g ( x i x j ) ,i,j{1,2,,N}

for all x 1 , x 2 ,, B r ={xE:xr} and α 1 , α 2 ,,[0,1] such that i = 1 α i =1.

Lemma 1.5 [1]

Let E be a reflexive, strictly convex and smooth Banach space, let C be a nonempty closed convex subset of E and xE. Then

ϕ(y, Π C x)+ϕ( Π C x,x)ϕ(y,x),yC.

Lemma 1.6 [1]

Let C be a nonempty closed convex subset of a smooth Banach space E and xE. Then x 0 = Π C x if and only if

x 0 y,JxJ x 0 0,yC.

Lemma 1.7 [32]

Let E be a uniformly smooth and strictly convex Banach space which also enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, and let C be a nonempty closed and convex subset of E. Let T:CC be a generalized asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mapping. Then F(T) is closed and convex.

Lemma 1.8 [34]

Let C be a closed convex subset of a smooth, strictly convex and reflexive Banach space E. Let A:C E be a continuous and monotone mapping, let φ:CR be convex and lower semi-continuous, and let F be a bifunction from C×C to satisfying (A1)-(A4). Let r>0 and xE. Then there exists zC such that

F(z,y)+Az,yz+φ(y)φ(z)+ 1 r yz,JzJx0,yC.

Define a mapping T r :EC by

T r x= { z C : F ( z , y ) + A z , y z + φ ( y ) φ ( z ) + 1 r y z , J z J x 0 , y C } .

Then the following conclusions hold:

  1. (1)

    T r is a single-valued firmly nonexpansive-type mapping, i.e., for all x,yE, T r x T r y,J T r xJ T r y T r x T r y,JxJy;

  2. (2)

    F( T r )=GMEP(F,A,φ) is closed and convex;

  3. (3)

    T r is quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive;

  4. (4)

    ϕ(q, T r x)+ϕ( T r x,x)ϕ(q,x), qF( T r ).

2 Main results

Theorem 2.1 Let E be a uniformly smooth and strictly convex Banach space which also enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, and let C be a nonempty closed and convex subset of E. Let Δ be an index set and N be an integer. Let A j :C E be a continuous and monotone mapping and φ j :CR be a lower semi-continuous and convex function. Let F j be a bifunction from C×C to satisfying (A1)-(A4) for every jΔ. Let T 0 be an identity mapping, and let T i :CC be a generalized asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mapping for every 1iN. Assume that T i is closed asymptotically regular on C and Ψ:= i = 1 N F( T i ) j Δ GMEP( F j , A j , φ j ) is nonempty and bounded. Let { x n } be a sequence generated in the following manner:

{ x 0 E ,  chosen arbitrarily , C 1 , j = C , C 1 = j Δ C 1 , j , x 1 = Π C 1 x 0 , y n = J 1 ( i = 0 N α n , i J T i n x n ) , u n , j C  such that  F j ( u n , j , y ) + A j u n , j , y u n , j + φ j ( y ) φ j ( u n , j ) u n , j + 1 r n , j y u n , j , J u n , j J y n 0 , y C , C n + 1 , j = { z C n : ϕ ( z , u n , j ) ϕ ( z , x n ) + i = 1 N μ n , i M n + N ξ n } , C n + 1 = J Δ C n + 1 , J , x n + 1 = Π C n + 1 x 0 ,

where { α n , i } is a real number sequence in (0,1) for every i1, { r n , j } is a real number sequence in [r,), where r is some positive real number, and M n =sup{ϕ(z, x n ):zΨ}. Assume that i = 0 N α n , i =1 and lim inf n α n , 0 α n , i >0 for every 1iN. Then the sequence { x n } converges strongly to Π Ψ x 0 , where Π Ψ is the generalized projection from E onto Ψ.

Proof The proof is split into five steps.

Step 1. Show that the common solution set Ψ is convex and closed.

This step is clear in view of Lemma 1.7 and Lemma 1.8.

Step 2. Show that the set C n is convex and closed.

To show Step 2, it suffices to show, for any fixed but arbitrary iΔ, that C n , i is convex and closed. This can be proved by induction. It is clear that C 1 , j =C is convex and closed. Assume that C m , j is closed and convex for some m1. We next prove that C m + 1 , j is convex and closed. It is clear that C m + 1 , j is closed. We only prove they are convex. Indeed, x,y C m + 1 , j , we find that x,y C m , j , and

ϕ(x, u m , j )ϕ(x, x m )+ i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n ,

and

ϕ(y, u m , j )ϕ(y, x m )+ i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n .

Notice that the above two inequalities are equivalent to the following inequalities, respectively:

2x,J x m J u m , j x m 2 u m , j 2 + i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n

and

2y,J x m J u m , j x m 2 u m , j 2 + i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n .

These imply that

2 a x + ( 1 a ) y , J x m J u m , j x m 2 u m , j 2 + i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n ,a(0,1).

Since C m , j is convex, we see that ax+(1a)y C m , j . Notice that the above inequality is equivalent to

ϕ ( a x + ( 1 a ) y , u m , j ) ϕ ( a x + ( 1 a ) y , x m ) + i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n .

This proves that C m + 1 , j is convex. This proves that C n is closed and convex. This completes Step 2.

Step 3. Show that Ψ C n .

It suffices to claim that Ψ C n , j for every jΔ. Note that Ψ C 1 , j =C. Suppose that Ψ C m , j for some m and for every jΔ. Then, for zΨ C m , j , we have

ϕ ( z , u m , j ) = ϕ ( z , T r m , j y m ) ϕ ( z , y m ) = ϕ ( z , J 1 ( α m , 0 J x m + i = 1 N α m , i J T i m x m ) ) = z 2 2 z , α m , 0 J x m + i = 1 N α m , i J T i m x m + α m , 0 J x m + i = 1 N α m , i J T i m x m 2 z 2 2 α m , 0 z , J x m 2 i = 1 N α m , i z , J T i m x m + α m , 0 x m 2 + i = 1 N α m , i T i m x m 2 = α m , 0 ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α m , i ϕ ( z , T i m x m ) α m , 0 ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α m , i ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α m , i μ m , i ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α m , i ξ m ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N μ m , i ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α m , i ξ m ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N μ m , i M m + i = 1 N α m , i ξ m ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N μ m , i M m + N ξ m ,
(2.1)

which proves that z C m + 1 , j . This completes Step 3.

Step 4. Show that x n p, where pΨ.

In view of Lemma 1.5, we find that ϕ( x n , x 0 )ϕ(w, x 0 )ϕ(w, x n )ϕ(w, x 0 ) for wΨ C n . This shows that the sequence ϕ( x n , x 0 ) is bounded. It follows that { x n } is also bounded. Since the framework of the space is reflexive, we may, without loss of generality, assume that x n p, where p C n . Note that ϕ( x n , x 0 )ϕ(p, x 0 ). It follows that

ϕ(p, x 0 ) lim inf n ϕ( x n , x 0 ) lim sup n ϕ( x n , x 0 )ϕ(p, x 0 ).

This gives that lim n ϕ( x n , x 0 )=ϕ(p, x 0 ). Hence, we have lim n x n =p. Since the space E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, we find that x n p as n.

Now, we are in a position to show that p j Δ GMEP( F j , A j , φ j ). By the construction of C n , we have that C n + 1 C n and x n + 1 = Π C n + 1 x 0 C n . It follows that

ϕ ( x n + 1 , x n ) = ϕ ( x n + 1 , Π C n x 0 ) ϕ ( x n + 1 , x 0 ) ϕ ( Π C n x 0 , x 0 ) = ϕ ( x n + 1 , x 0 ) ϕ ( x n , x 0 ) .

Letting n, we obtain that ϕ( x n + 1 , x n )0. In view of x n + 1 C n + 1 , we see that

ϕ( x n + 1 , u n , j )ϕ( x n + 1 , x n )+ i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n .

We, therefore, obtain that lim n ϕ( x n + 1 , u n , j )=0. It follows that lim n u n , j =p. It follows that lim n J u n , j =Jp. This implies that {J u n , j } is bounded. Note that E is reflexive and E is also reflexive. We may assume that J u n , j u , j E . In view of the reflexivity of E, we see that J(E)= E . This shows that there exists u j E such that J u j = u , j . It follows that ϕ( x n + 1 , u n )= x n + 1 2 2 x n + 1 ,J u n + J u n 2 . Taking lim inf n on the both sides of the equality above yields that

0 p 2 2 p , u , j + u , j 2 = p 2 2 p , J u j + J u j 2 = p 2 2 p , J u j + u j 2 = ϕ ( p , u j ) .

That is, p= u j , which in turn implies that Jp= u , j . It follows that J u n , j Jp E . Since E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, we obtain that J u n , j Jp0 as n. Since J 1 : E E is demicontinuous, it follows that u n , j p. Since E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, we obtain that u n , j p as n. Note that x n u n , j x n p+p u n , j . This gives that

lim n x n u n , j =0.
(2.2)

Since J is uniformly norm-to-norm continuous on any bounded sets, we have

lim n J x n J u n , j =0.
(2.3)

Notice that

ϕ ( z , x n ) ϕ ( z , u n , j ) = x n 2 u n , j 2 2 z , J x n J u n , j x n u n , j ( x n + u n , j ) + 2 z J x n J u n , j .

It follows from (2.2) and (2.3) that

lim n ϕ(z, x n )ϕ(z, u n , j )=0.
(2.4)

From (2.1), we find that ϕ(z, y n )ϕ(z, x n )+ i = 1 N μ n , j M n +N ξ n , where zΨ. In view of u n , j = S r n , j y n , we find from Lemma 1.8 that

ϕ ( u n , j , y n ) = ϕ ( S r n , j y n , y n ) ϕ ( z , y n ) ϕ ( z , S r n , j y n ) ϕ ( z , x n ) ϕ ( z , S r n , j y n ) + i = 1 N μ n , j M n + N ξ n = ϕ ( z , x n ) ϕ ( z , u n , j ) + i = 1 N μ n , j M n + N ξ n .

From (2.4), we obtain that

lim n ϕ( u n , j , y n )=0.

This implies that u n , j y n 0 as n. Since u n , j p as n, we arrive at lim n y n =p. It follows that lim n J y n =Jp. Since E is also reflexive, we may assume that J y n y E . In view of J(E)= E , we see that there exists yE such that Jy= y . It follows that

ϕ( u n , j , y n )= u n , j 2 2 u n , j ,J y n + J y n 2 .

Taking lim inf n on the both sides of the equality above yields that 0ϕ(p,y). That is, p=y, which in turn implies that y =Jp. It follows that J y n Jp E . Since E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, we obtain that J y n Jp0 as n. Note that J 1 : E E is demicontinuous. It follows that y n p. Since E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, we obtain that y n p as n. Since u n , j y n u n , j p+p y n , we find that lim n u n , i y n =0. Since J is uniformly norm-to-norm continuous on any bounded sets, we have lim n J u n , j J y n =0. From the assumption r n , i r, we see that lim n J u n , j J y n r n , j =0. Notice that

f j ( u n , j ,y)+ 1 r n , j y u n , j ,J u n , j J y n 0,yC,

where f j ( u n , j ,y)= F j ( u n , j ,y)+ A j u n , j ,y u n , j + φ j (y) φ j ( u n , j ). From (A2), we find that

y u n , j J u n , j J y n r n , j 1 r n , j y u n , j ,J u n , j J y n f j (y, u n , j ),yC.

Taking the limit as n, we find that f j (y,p)0, yC. For 0< t j <1 and yC, define y t j = t j y+(1 t j )p. It follows that y t , j C, which yields that f j ( y t , j ,p)0. It follows from conditions (A1) and (A4) that 0= f j ( y t , j , y t , j ) t j f j ( y t , j ,y)+(1 t j ) f j ( y t , j ,p) t j f j ( y t , j ,y). This yields that f j ( y t , j ,y)0. Letting t j 0, we find from condition (A3) that f j (p,y)0, yC. This implies that pEP( f j )=GMEP( F j , A j , φ j ) for every jΔ.

Next, we state p i = 1 N F( T i ). Since E is uniformly smooth, we know that E is uniformly convex. It follows from Lemma 1.4 that

ϕ ( z , u n , j ) = ϕ ( z , S r n , j y n ) ϕ ( z , y n ) = ϕ ( z , J 1 ( α n , 0 J x n + i = 1 N α n , i J T i n x n ) ) = z 2 2 z , α n , 0 J x n + i = 1 N α n , i J T i n x n + α n , 0 J x n + i = 1 N α n , i J T i n x n 2 z 2 2 α n , 0 z , J x n 2 i = 1 N α n , i z , J T i n x n + α n , 0 x n 2 + i = 1 N α n , i T i n x n 2 α n , 0 ( 1 α n , i ) g ( J x n J T i n x n ) = α n , 0 ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α n , i ϕ ( z , T i n x n ) α n , 0 ( 1 α n , i ) g ( J x n J T i n x n ) α n , 0 ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α n , i ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α n , i μ n , i ϕ ( z , x n ) + i = 1 N α n , i ξ n α n , 0 ( 1 α n , i ) g ( J x n J T i n x n ) ϕ ( z , x n ) + i = 1 N μ n , i ϕ ( z , x m ) + i = 1 N α n , i ξ n α n , 0 ( 1 α n , i ) g ( J x n J T i n x n ) ϕ ( z , x n ) + i = 1 N μ n , i M n + N ξ n α n , 0 ( 1 α n , i ) g ( J x n J T i n x n ) .

This yields that

α n , 0 (1 α n , i )g ( J x n J T i n x n ) ϕ(z, x n )ϕ(z, u n , j )+ i = 1 N μ n , i M n +N ξ n .

In view of lim inf n α n , 0 (1 α n , i )>0, we see from (2.4) that lim n g(J x n J T i n x n )=0 It follows from the property of g that

lim n J x n J T i n x n =0.
(2.5)

Since x n p as n and J:E E is demicontinuous, we obtain that J x n Jp E . Note that |J x n Jp|=| x n p| x n p. This implies that J x n Jp as n. Since E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, we see that

lim n J x n Jp=0.
(2.6)

On the other hand, we have J T i n x n JpJ T i n x n J x n +J x n Jp. Combining (2.5) with (2.6), one obtains that lim n J T i n x n Jp=0. Since J 1 : E E is demicontinuous, one sees that T i n x n p. Notice that | T i n x n p|J T i n x n Jp. This yields that lim n T i n x n =p. Since the space E enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, we obtain that lim n T i n x n p=0. Note that T n + 1 x n p T n + 1 x n T n x n + T n x n p. Since T is asymptotically regular, we find that lim n T i n + 1 x n p=0. That is, T i T i n x n p0 as n. It follows from the closedness of T i that T i p=p for every i{1,2,,N}. This completes Step 4.

Step 5. Show that p= Π Ψ x 0 .

Since x n = Π C n x 0 , we see that

x n z,J x 0 J x n 0,z C n .

Since Ψ C n , we find that

x n w,J x 0 J x n 0,wΨ.

Letting n, we arrive at

pw,J x 0 Jp0,wΨ.

From Lemma 1.6, we can immediately obtain that p= Π Ψ x 0 . This completes the proof. □

Remark 2.2 Theorem 2.1 mainly improves the corresponding results in Kim [20], Yang et al. [21], Hao [23], Qin et al. [31], Qin et al. [35].

Remark 2.3 The framework of the space in Theorem 2.1 can be applicable to L p , p1.

If N=2 and Δ={1}, then Theorem 2.1 is reduced to the following.

Corollary 2.4 Let E be a uniformly smooth and strictly convex Banach space which also enjoys the Kadec-Klee property, and let C be a nonempty closed and convex subset of E. Let F be a bifunction from C×C to satisfying (A1)-(A4). Let T i :CC be a generalized asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mapping for every i{1,2}. Assume that each T i is closed asymptotically regular on C and F( T 1 )F( T 2 )EP(F) is nonempty and bounded. Let { x n } be a sequence generated in the following manner:

{ x 0 E ,  chosen arbitrarily , C 1 = C , x 1 = Π C 1 x 0 , y n = J 1 ( α n , 0 J x n + α n , 1 J T 1 n x n + α n , 2 J T 2 n x n ) , u n C  such that  F ( u n , y ) + 1 r n y u n , J u n J y n 0 , y C , C n + 1 = { z C n : ϕ ( z , u n ) ϕ ( z , x n ) + ( μ n , 1 + μ n , 2 ) M n + 2 ξ n } , x n + 1 = Π C n + 1 x 0 ,

where { α n , 0 }, { α n , 1 }, and { α n , 2 } are real number sequences in (0,1), { r n } is a real number sequence in [r,), where r is some positive real number, and M n =sup{ϕ(z, x n ):zF( T 1 )F( T 2 )EF(F)}. Assume that i = 0 2 α n , i =1 and lim inf n α n , 0 α n , i >0. Then the sequence { x n } converges strongly to Π F ( T 1 ) F ( T 2 ) EP ( F ) x 0 , where Π F ( T 1 ) F ( T 2 ) E F ( F ) is the generalized projection from E onto F( T 1 )F( T 2 )EP(F).

Remark 2.5 Corollary 2.4 mainly improves the corresponding results in Qin et al. [31]. To be more clear, the mapping is extended from quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings to generalized asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mappings and the framework of spaces is extended from a uniformly smooth and uniformly convex Banach space to a uniformly smooth and strictly convex Banach space.

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The authors are grateful to the reviewers’ useful suggestions which improved the contents of the article.

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Wu, C., Sun, L. A monotone projection algorithm for fixed points of nonlinear operators. Fixed Point Theory Appl 2013, 318 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1812-2013-318

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